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Freedom to regulate the high seas

March 11, 2022

How countries can meet their Paris Agreement obligation to reduce the climate impact of international shipping without conflicting with existing international law

The dual legal obligations imposed by the Paris Agreement and the UN Law of the Sea mean that states have a duty to reduce emissions, via national and regional regulation, from international shipping in line with the Paris Agreement temperature goals. This analysis assesses the legality of states regulating international shipping through national and/or regional regulations.

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